What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Both transcription and translation are steps in the
synthesis of proteins. Transcription, which comes first, is the process of copying DNA
to make messenger RNA (mRNA). This process occurs in the nucleus. The relevant section
of DNA is unwound, and ribosomes direct the construction of a reciprocal strand of mRNA.
This strand of mRNA then moves into the cytoplasm by passing through a nuclear
pore.

Translation occurs in the cytoplasm. This is the
process by which the mRNA is used to produce a protein. Ribosomes attach to the strand
of mRNA and read three bases at a time to determine what the amino acid sequence should
be. Transfer RNAs bring the amino acids that are needed, and the ribosomes attach them
together to create a polypeptide, which is then released and becomes a
protein.