Is "The Most Dangerous Game" escapist or interpretive literature?

"The Most Dangerous Game" can be seen as either escapist
or interpretive literature, or an example of both together. On the surface, it is a
thrilling tale of two men pitted against each other in the most simple of situations,
with suspense and drama coming from action and reaction. In this sense, it is escapist
because it details an unusual circumstance that must be overcome through extraordinary
measures.

However, it is also an example of interpretive
literature, as a main theme of the story is morality and responsibility. General Zaroff
believes that he is morally allowed to hunt and kill humans through his abilities as a
strong, alpha-type character.

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"The weak of the world were put here to give the
strong pleasure. I am strong. Why should I not use my gift? If I wish to hunt, why
should I not?"
(Connell, "The Most Dangerous Game,
classicreader.com)

He thinks
that hunting humans is simply the logical progression of hunting animals. Rainsford
disagrees with this attitude, but adopts portions of Zaroff's philosophy to survive, up
to and including "hunting" Zaroff himself. In this fashion, we can see that there is a
deeper meaning in the story beyond the straightforward
adventure.

According to General Zaroff what is the most dangerous game?

According to Zaroff, the most dangerous game is man. The
title provides a play on words. Some, without knowledge of the story, may think that the
story "The Most Dangerous Game" is an actual game played. While this is true, the most
dangerous game also depicts the man Zaroff is
hunting.

Game, when defined, is an activity engaged in
either amusement or as a diversion, or it is an animal being hunted or taken as the
result of a hunt.

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"I hunt more dangerous game."-
Zaroff

Zaroff goes on to
describe his game (the animal as well as the
activity).

"I
had to invent a new animal to hunt...And the answer was, of course, "It must have
courage, cunning, and, above all, it must be able to
reason."

In the end,
Rainsford is the one to let readers in on Zaroff's new
animal:

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"But they are
men," said Rainsford
hotly.

Basically, Zaroff
defines the most dangerous game as a man. The reason he justifies this is that only man
is able of reason. For that reason, man is the most dangerous
game.

Was the Industrial Revolution a revolution or evolution ?

The era of industrial revolution is noted by population
growth and the emergence of industries. These two factors brought higher consumption and
higher production. Consequently, human activity is capable to massively exploit the
world’s resources. Industries has as much impact on the planet as a city population has
on their municipality or a family on their own house.

If a
city or a house is neglected, it can rapidly become a mess. If nobody intervenes while
it degenerates, the damages inflicted to the specific environment grow, and eventually,
it crumbles. Once that point is reached, there is no other alternative but to leave the
area, or to destroy and rebuild it.

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Human activity
has a big impact on the
environment

The planet is
no different. Human activity has such an impact on the global environment that we can no
longer count on the magnitude of the planet to absorb pollutants. Massive pollution
provokes general ecological changes. As we approach a point of no return, it becomes
necessary to assess the inflicted damages and find ways to manage
them.

As obvious as it may seem, we have no alternative but
to stay on planet Earth. In the case of a global deterioration, we would have nowhere to
go. This is why environmentalism is not to be taken lightly. It is imperative to assess
the damages human activity inflicts on the ecosystem in order to avoid any kind of
irreversible
damages.

What is an unique cell analogy besides a city and a factory?I have heard of city,country,farm,factory,amusement parks,etc and i want something...

An anaolgy is any comparison between two things.  The
first step to finding a unqiue analogy is to think about things that you are really
familiar with.  In order to make a comparision you have to know a lot about both things,
not just the cellular organelles, but also the item(s) in your
analogy.

Some possible examples include comparing the cell
to your school, your home, an amusement park, or even your favorite
restaurant.

Think about the key parts of the cell and what
they do.

Nucleus: control
center

mitochondria: powerhouse
(energy)

lysosome: garbage disposal of the
cell

Lets say you are going to compare it to
your home.  Who runs your house?  One of your parents is probably the nucleus of the
house.  Who supplies all of the energy?  Maybe you think of energy as food, so who cooks
the food.  Maybe you think of energy as excitement and fun, so who is the most energetic
personality in your house (maybe a sibling or a pet).

I
hope you get the point.  Anything can be an analogy, just think about a situation that
you are familiar with.  The point of this assignment is to help you remember what each
organelle does, so the more creative you get with it, the better you will remember the
functions come test time.

What is the Home Rule Crisis 1912-1914?

The Home Rule Crisis was a crisis over the issue of
whether Ireland should be given home rule, in the shape of an autonomous Irish
parliament.  It started when a home rule bill was passed in 1912 and ended when the bill
was suspended in 1914 because of the start of WWI.

The
basic problem was that there were two parts of Ireland with different majorities.  In
Ulster in the north, there was a majority of Protestants who wanted to remain united
with England.  In the south, there was a majority of Catholics who wanted home rule.  In
each region, moreover, there were large enough minorities of the other religion/party to
make any solution difficult.

In the crisis, the home rule
bill was passed (it needed to be passed three times in successive years because of
British law), leading to threats of rebellion among various factions.  These threats and
the worries they brought were the basis of the Home Rule Crisis.

Evaluate some of johnson's central critical principles in "preface to Shakespeare"?plz answer in detail

Preface to Shakespeare is an enlightening essay about drama, human
nature, common sense, and literary precepts.

The principles of the
Preface are:

Shakespeare is the foremost of English
writers.

Shakespeare’s characters are
universal.

Shakespeare’s work transcends
genre.

Shakespeare’s plays follow miscuit utile
dulce

Shakespeare polished a crude form.  “He found the
English stage in a state of the utmost rudeness.”

Johnson’s Preface
echoes neo-classical sentiments, especially in his application of mimetic values, and in
his axiom that “nothing can please many, and please long, but just representations of
human nature.”  Johnson also states that “it is always a writer’s duty to make the world
better, and justice is a virtue independent on time or place.”  The Preface is a great
example of ways in which a critic can bring an old author into contemporary
relevance.

After Mr. Radley died, what changes were made to the Radley place in To Kill a Mockingbird?

Apparently, very little work was done on the actual house
following the death of old Mr. Radley in Harper Lee's To Kill a
Mockingbird. The house was the worst on the block: the shingles "drooped over
the eaves of the veranda" and weeds grew in the yard. His son did cement the knothold of
the oak where the children found their gifts. It was thought that Mr. Radley's death
might produce the sight of Boo, but Boo was never seen.

A
few changes were seen when it became known that old Mr. Radley was dying. Sawhorses were
placed at each end of the property to block traffic, which was "diverted to the back
street." The sidewalk was covered in straw, and the doctor parked his car in front of
the Finch house and walked to the Radley house. The sawhorses were taken down after Mr.
Radley died.

What drives Louis's determination to survive the grueling conditions of both the open water of the pacific ocean and the POW camps? I'm looking...

I think it could be argued that Zamperini's motivation to
live was not driven by an external factor (say, a relationship back home) but rather,
came directly from within.  It was in his nature to be the very best, to live life to
the fullest, to fight, and to win.  In his experience as a POW, this natural sense of
personal ambition manifested itself in the will to
survive.

Consider his character even as a boy.  First, he
is rebellious in his youth and prided himself on escaping the punishment of the law. 
Later, he channels this competitive energy into running, and makes up his mind that he
will become the best runner in the world.  After succeeding as a high school track star,
he makes it to the Olympics then goes on to break several track records as a college
athlete.

In many ways, his natural physical
talents are the embodiment of what must certainly be an even stronger mental
capacity.  It is as if Zamperini had already tested the full limits of his body
before becoming a POW.  This, in turn, gives him the advantage of
knowing exactly how strong he really is (both mentally and physically).  Though it is
never explicitly stated, certainly, this hero's will to survive was something he
possessed long before he became a prisoner of war.

Even
after his liberation, his goal continues to be to "live life to the fullest."  After a
battle with depression and alcoholism, at the end of the book it is revealed that
Zamperini becomes a born-again Christian as a result of a Billy Graham crusade.  It is
then that his personal war ends (the depression, the flashbacks, the alcohol: gone). 
Thus, it could be further argued that he not only possessed a strength of his mental
character, but perhaps, his spiritual self as well.  This detail poses the suggestion
that it is by a force of God that Zamperini was meant to live all
along.

In Chapter 9 of To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus is to defend a member of Calpurnia's church. What is the person's name?

Making a decision that he hoped he would never have to
make, Atticus accepts the responsibility of defending Tom Robinson, a Negro man who has
been accused of raping a white woman. Atticus did not seek out the case, but he was
asked by Judge John Taylor to defend Tom, knowing he would get better representation
from Atticus than from the court-appointed public
defender.

"I'd
hoped to go through life without a case of this kind, but John Taylor pointed at me and
said, 'You're It.' "

Atticus
knows that defending Tom, a member of Calpurnia's church, will bring him enemies, and he
worries that it will affect Jem and Scout, who are sure to hear the gossip around town.
Sure enough, Scout is forced to defend her father when her schoolmates--and her own
cousin, Francis--call him a "nigger-lover."

What is the mood of "The Tell-Tale Heart"? Give textual evidence.

Edgar Allan Poe quickly creates a mood of horror and
psychological terror in the opening scenes of "The Tell-Tale Heart." It soon becomes
evident that the narrator is mad, though he continually asserts that he is sane, and it
seems important to him that the reader believes him to be so. But a sane man would not
make the contradictory statements uttered by the narrator. Though he claims to love the
old man--who has "never wronged me... had never given me insult"--he has decided to kill
him because

He
had the eye of a vulture—a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me,
my blood ran cold...

Most of
the action takes place at night, an appropriate setting for the evil that is about to
unfold, and the old man seems to have no inkling of what is about to happen to him. Poe
builds the suspense by allowing the narrator to slowly plan the old man's death, looking
in upon him each night at midnight; but because the old man's eye is always closed, the
narrator refuses to kill him: The eye must be open before the narrator commits the
deed.

When the deadly murder is finally committed, the
gruesome nature of the story intensifies: The narrator "dismembered the corpse," burying
the body beneath the floor. But it is no perfect crime: A cry has been heard and
policemen soon arrive, an ominous sign that the narrator's careful planning may have
been in vain. Poe suspensefully builds to the finale, the beating heart--unheard by the
police--eventually driving the madman to a confession.

What is the iron limit with reference to nuclear fusion?

In nuclear fusion, two atoms are brought together with the
intent of "fusing" the atoms into a single, larger atom. An atom can only have the
number of protons, neutrons, and electrons of its atomic weight, so if two differing
atoms fuse and there is extra mass, it is released in the form of energy or
heat.

The iron limit refers to the maximum weight of a
fusing atom before the process becomes fission rather than fusion. In fission, the two
atoms fusing together require an external supply of energy, and without it, the reaction
will not continue by itself. In stars, for example, all fusion is limited to elements
below the atomic weight of iron, which allows the fusion process to continue by itself;
once iron starts to enter the fusion process, energy is lost and the process starts to
break down, the heavier elements becoming inert and non-reactive. Isotope Iron-56 is the
upper limit of weight that will provide an energetic release without needing an external
energy source.

Simply put, the iron limit is the upper
limit of atomic weight allowed before the fusion process becomes fission, which cannot
be continued without an external source of energy.

How did The Federalist Papers help to define the national government?

The Federalist Papers helped to define the national
government in at least two ways.

First, they helped to
explicate what the roles of the various parts of the government should be.  They set out
the views of the Framers (or at least those Framers who were Federalists) about things
like the proper role of the judicial branch (Federalist 78) or the reasons for having a
one-man executive (Federalist 70).

Second, they laid out
the argument for consolidating power in the national government as opposed to leaving it
with the states.  This was a huge change in a country whose revolution had been based on
a distrust of centralized power.  In Federalist 10, Hamilton lays out the reasons why a
large republic is better than a small one.  This really helped to define the national
government as a protector of liberty.

How does Grendel's lair compare to Herot?

In the Anglo Saxon epic Beowulf, the
author skillfully contrasts the mead-hall Herot and Grendel's lair to highlight the
difference between good and evil.  The description of Herot comes early in the poem.  It
is filled with light and singing. Hrothgar's men gather there to tell stories, sing
hymns, and praise god.  It is a place of fellowship and camaraderie.  It was built
strong to "stand forever."  It was fashioned with " ivory and iron and wood," and stood
in "splendor."

However,  Grendel's lair is described with
cold, dark, and desolate imagery.  In fact, this description is is considered one of the
more lyrical parts of the epic.  Grendel lives where

mist

Steams
like black clouds, and the groves of trees

Growing out over
their lake are all covered

With frozen spray, and wind down
snakelike

Roots that reach as far as the
water

And help keep it dark.   . .
.

No one knows its bottom,

No
wisdom reaches such
depths.

Grendel's lair is a
dark and lonely place.  He and his mother live there in solitude.  No one ventures into
this area.  Even deer would prefer to die before seeking sanctuary in this place.  It is
such a place where the evil Grendel and his mother live.

According to Guns, Germs, and Steel, what factors involving agriculture determined why some societies end up as individualists and others...

Within Part Three of the book, Chapter 14 is the only one
that deals with issues of societal and political structure.  In that chapter, Diamond
describes four types of societies.  The lower two might be called collectivists while
the higher two might be called individualists.  (Diamond does not use these terms, but
we can infer them from what he says about these societal
types.

To Diamond, both bands and tribes are collectivist. 
He points out (for example in Table 14.1) that these are societies that are not
stratified.  He says that land is owned collectively in these types of societies, either
by the whole band (in bands) or by clans (in tribal societies).  Decision making is
egalitarian and there is no hierarchy in their settlements.  All of these things add up
to what we might call collectivism.

We must then ask what
factors having to do with agriculture determine which societies end up as bands and
tribes and which become larger.  Diamond says that any time a regional population is
large, it is likely to form a society of the larger two types.  He argues that
populations will become large whenever there are sufficient resources to allow for
relatively intensive agriculture.

Reading Chapter 14, then,
we can at least infer that the level of resources is what makes some societies
individualist and some collectivist.  A society like the Fayu, living in swamps where
agriculture is not even possible, becomes a society of bands.  A society like that of
Hawaii has many more resources and becomes a chiefdom.

In The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, what actually happened to the boys at the end? Did Bruno die?

The Boy in the Striped
Pajamas by John Boyne is historical in nature but is a fictional story which
reminds readers of the disaster and tragedy of Nazi occupation. Bruno must move because
of his father's profession which, in itself, is nothing unusual but he would thrive in a
situation where he is allowed to develop and mature at his own pace. He is forbidden
from exploring and making new friends is impossible. It is significant that it is
Bruno's father's behavior which, in fact, directs Bruno's actions. The boys are thrust
together by circumstance and this story indicates the tragedy and futility of war and
also highlights the similarities between these innocent children, regardless of which
side they are supposedly on. Bruno and Shmuel come from worlds so far removed from each
other that an event of this nature should not be possible. However, John Boyne
skillfully points out through Bruno's character, there are more things that unite Bruno
and Shmuel than there are things that separate
them. 

Bruno's father, a powerful Nazi Commandant, has
convinced himself that "Those people...well, they're not people at all..." (chapter 5).
This is ironic considering that Shmuel is Bruno's only friend with whom, if his father
is correct, Bruno has "nothing in common." However, Bruno and Shmuel share an
unexplained bond, which starts with them sharing a birthday. After a year of meeting and
chatting, Bruno is due to return to Berlin and so he and Shmuel discuss the possibility
of him going to Shmuel's side of the fence. Bruno's hair is short, having been shaved to
avoid lice and, as Shmuel points out, he is a little "fatter," but, otherwise, in a
"pair of striped pajamas" he would look essentially the same as Shmuel and they can go
on a "final adventure" in the camp. Bruno is excited at the prospect of "exploring" and
Shmuel is anxious that Bruno will help him look for "Papa," who has apparently gone
missing. The boys sense that this will seal their friendship and is a good way to say
"goodbye" (chapter 18). The reader senses that this foreshadows more sinister events to
follow.  

Bruno is shocked that he has to walk barefoot and
that he sees mostly sad faces; the camp is nothing like he expected. He and Shmuel find
no trace or "evidence" of Shmuel's papa either so Bruno is about to make his way back to
the fence and go home when a whistle sounds and the boys find themselves in the middle
of a crowd. They are ushered into an "airtight" room and Bruno tells Shmuel he is his
best friend and holds his hand but has no idea whether Shmuel replies because "at that
moment, there was a loud gasp from all the marchers..." and Bruno can hear nothing. He
wonders about the darkness but in his innocence presumes it is related to the fact that
it is raining outside. After that, "Nothing more was ever heard of Bruno..." The reader
knows what has happened and takes solace in the fact that Bruno is not afraid in his
last moments and that Shmuel has his friend with him. The boys have evidently been
gassed. 

What is the difference between a Solar and a Lunar Eclipse?If a Solar Eclipse is when the Moon goes in front of the sun, what is a Lunar Eclipse?

During a solar eclipse, the sun is eclipsed, or blocked
from view. This occurs because the moon passes between the sun and the earth. Solar
eclipses can be partial, total, or annular, a form of eclipse where the central disk of
the sun is blocked but the outer edge, or corona, stays in
view.

During a lunar eclipse, the moon is eclipsed, or
blocked from view. This happens when the earth passes between the sun and the moon, and
casts a shadow on the moon. The only time this can occur is during the full moon phase,
when the sun, earth, and moon are in a straight line relative to one
another.

Neither type of eclipse happens terribly often
because the orbits of the earth and moon are elliptical rather than circular, and the
orbit of the moon sits at an angle relative to the orbit of the earth around the sun.
Since an eclipse only occurs when the alignment is perfect, we only have them once in a
while.

"To be or not to be?" What are the reasons Hamlet thinks this?

Hamlet was trying to decide if he should suffer mentally
and emotionally while allowing Claudius to get away with murdering Hamlet's father.
Hamlet questioned whether he should kill Claudius and possibly suffer the torment of
death in so doing. Hamlet is in a state of mixed
emotions:

To
be, or not to be, that is the question.
Is it nobler in the mind to
suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune
Or to fight
against a sea of troubles,
And end them by
fighting?

Truly, Hamlet is
questioning whether it is to be or not to be in reference to avenging his father's
death. His questions are important. Should he just suffer mentally, knowing Claudius
killed his father, yet do nothing to avenge his father's death or should he fight and
end his life by fighting Claudius? Which act would be more noble? These are the
questions that Hamlet is wrestling with at the time of his soliloquy. Is it nobler to
suffer mentally and silently or is it nobler to avenge his father's death by fighting
Claudius, knowing there is a possibility that his life would end during the fight with
Claudius.

While Hamlet is pondering or questioning himself,
he is in a struggle. He is not sure what to do. He desires to do the nobler act. If only
he knew which act would be nobler? If he should fight Claudius, he could die fighting
and then perhaps suffer in the dreams of death:

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To die, to sleep,
To sleep! Perhaps to
dream. Yes, there's the catch,
For what dreams may come in that sleep of
death,
When we have left this life on earth,
Must make us stop.
There's the respect
That makes a mess of long
life,

No doubt, Hamlet has a
decision to make, but he is so confused during his soliloquy until his words come out in
the form of the question which ask whether it is "to be or not to be." Hamlet is torn
between what is the best approach to take in this situation. Should he fight and
possibly die fighting or should he suffer in the mind by doing nothing? Sooner or later,
Hamlet must make a definite decision. Of course, the reader knows the outcome, and just
as Hamlet feared, death is the ultimate result of Hamlet's course of
action.

Who does Edwards consider God's enemies in Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God?

In brief, Edwards considers all who will not turn from
their own sin and wickedness and turn to God as enemies. He gives these people a variety
of names throughout his sermon. At times these are "the foolish children of men", "many
miserable human beings", or the singular "unconverted man". Whatever the descriptor
might be, the common characteristics of the group are always the
same:

• people who
  sin


• people who no better than to
  sin


• people who are not choosing to give Christ their
  entire heart

These people can be members of his
congregation. Many people go to churches but do not actually believe in their hearts.
These same people act like they understand the morals being taught but choose not to
apply them in life. These seem to be the people that Edwards is trying to reach as he
quotes Scripture with direct references to this type of behavior. These are the people
he would consider enemies of God.

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They not only justly deserve to be thrown down
there, but the sentence of the law of God, that eternal and unchangeable rule of
righteousness that God has fixed between Him and mankind, is gone out against them, and
stands against them; so that they are already bound over to hell. John 3:18, "Whoever
does not believe stands condemned
already."

Those who do not
believe are enemies of God.

According to the text of The Great Gatsby, what traits constitute the zeitgeist (spirit of the time) of the 1920s?F. Scott Fitzgerald

Symbolized by the Valley of Ashes in Chapter Two of
The Great Gatsby, the Jazz Age of the 1920s was a period of moral
and spiritual corruption, materialism, and superficiality.  With Daisy's voice that
"sounded like money" and the amoral quality to Jordan Baker who depicts the typical
"flapper" flitting from party to party, enjoying the "intimacy" of large parties such as
those on the lawn of Gatsby, and who thinks nothing of cheating in golf tournaments,
lying to people, or gossiping, the "grey names" and the tenor of the times are
aptly depicted.  In fact, Gatsby's parties where his guests "paid him the subtle tribute
of knowing nothing whatever about him" present a tableau of the vulgarity and spiritual
emptiness and even a cynicism as, for instance, Nick's remark in Chapter Six about
looking at the world through Daisy's eyes conveys,

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It is invariably saddening to look through new
eyes at things upon which you have expended your own powers of
adjustment.

Also symbolic of
the Roaring Twenties is the frequent allusion to gold in reference to Daisy.  Like her,
the gold is only superficial, a gilding over the tarnished surface. About Fitzgerald's
setting, one critic observes,

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America has become vulgar and empty as a result
of subjecting its sprawling vitality to the greedy pursuit of
money.

In such a decadent
society, there is a lack of moral structure in the setting of The Great Gatsby
where much of what exists is merely an illusion.

What is a "suitor" and why is Emily being denied them in "A Rose for Emily"?

A suitor is a man who seeks
to court a woman in the hopes of achieving a serious relationship and possibly marriage.
In Miss Emily's case, while her father was alive, he discouraged her prospective suitors
because, according to many of the townspeople,

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... the Griersons held themselves a little too
high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss
Emily and such.

Simply put,
Mr. Grierson believed that Emily deserved better than the men of Jefferson, and he must
not have allowed any of her relationships with young men to become too serious. By the
time Miss Emily had become 30 and was still unmarried (a very late age for a woman to
still be without a husband in the late 19th century), some people in Jefferson wondered
if any serious marital prospects had ever really materialized. By the time she finally
met Homer Barron, Miss Emily was practically an "old maid"--a spinster--and she may have
seen Homer as her last chance to ever find true love and
marriage.

In "Young Goodman Brown," how are the descriptions of the forest contrasted with those of Salem Village?

You are right to focus on the importance of setting in
this excellent short story, and in particular the way in which the forest is described
indicates the kind of evil actions that will occur there and the evil intentions of
Goodman Brown in seeking to venture there in the first place. This is of course compared
to the village of Salem. Note how the path that Goodman Brown takes into the forest is
described:

He
had taken a dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely
stood aside to let the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind. It was
all as lonely as could be; and there is this peculiarity in such a solitude, that the
traveller knows not who may be concealed by the innumerable trunks and the thick boughs
overhead; so that with lonely footsteps he may yet be passing through an unseen
multitude.

Note the way that
the open streets of the village, where everybody can be seen, and which are well lit,
are compared to the "narrow path" of the forest, which is immediately enclosed by the
dark trees, which are "gloomy." The road itself is said to be "dreary" and there are so
many trees that even though you appear to be plunged into solitude, you could in fact be
surronded by an "unseen multitude." The fear and danger in such a position is clear and
obvious, and presents us with a massive contrast to the relatively safe village of
Salem.

What are Louis Pasteur contribution to the study of disease?

Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation is caused by the
growth of micro-organisms, and that the emergent growth of bacteria in nutrient broths
is not due to spontaneous generation[2] but rather to biogenesis. While Pasteur was not
the first to propose germ theory, he developed it and conducted experiments that clearly
indicated its correctness and managed to convince most of Europe it was true. Today he
is often regarded as the father of germ theory and bacteriology, together with Robert
Koch.

Pasteur's later work on diseases included work on
chicken cholera. During this work, a culture of the responsible bacteria had spoiled and
failed to induce the disease in some chickens he was infecting with the disease. Upon
reusing these healthy chickens, Pasteur discovered that he could not infect them, even
with fresh bacteria; the weakened bacteria had caused the chickens to become immune to
the disease, even though they had caused only mild
symptoms.

The notion of a weak form of a disease causing
immunity to the virulent version was not new; this had been known for a long time for
smallpox. Inoculation with smallpox was known to result in far less scarring, and
greatly reduced mortality, in comparison with the naturally acquired disease. Edward
Jenner had also discovered vaccination, using cowpox to give cross-immunity to smallpox
(in 1796), and by Pasteur's time this had generally replaced the use of actual smallpox
material in inoculation. The difference between smallpox vaccination and antharax or
chicken cholera vaccination was that the weakened form of the latter two disease
organisms had been generated artificially, and so a naturally weak
form of the disease organism did not need to be found.

This
discovery revolutionized work in infectious diseases, and Pasteur gave these
artificially weakened diseases the generic name of vaccines, in
honour of Jenner's discovery. Pasteur produced the first vaccine for rabies by growing
the virus in rabbits, and then weakening it by drying the affected nerve
tissue.

What is the summary of Shakespeare's As You Like It, Act I, scene i?

The opening scene is called the Exposition Scene. The
scene is of great importance as it gives a clear insight into the characters,the theme
and the plot of the play.

The introductory scene highlights
the folowing aspects of the play:

a) The enmity between
Orlando and Oliver with respect to the will of Late Sir Rowland de
Boys.

b) The enmity between Duke Ferdinand and Duke
Frederick (Theme of usurpation)

c) The sisterly love
between Rosalind and Celia.

The scene opens with Orlando
discussing and complaining to Adam how his own elder brother Oliver has treated him very
unkindly, kept him like a rustic, not given him thousand crowns bequeathed by his
father, not provided him education and taking away from him the qualities that he had by
birth. He also informs that the spirit of his father revolts against this
servitude.

When Oliver enters, there is a verbal spat
between them, both accusing each other. Oliver asks Orlando what he was doing there and
that he must leave the place. Orlando tells his brother that even if there were 20
brothers between them it did not take away from Orlando the right that he was as
high-born as was his brother. The moment Oliver calls him a villain and slaps him on the
back, the latter holds him by the throat and vows to release him only when he gets his
due share. Adam is also ill-treated in this fight.

A little
later, Charles enters and we come to know that there is no new news but that old duke
has been banished, and three or four Lords have voluntarily decided to be with him in
the Forest of Arden. However, Rosalind and Celia are together for the Duke Junior
detained Rosalind for the sake of Celia. The duke Senior lives in the Forest like 
Little Robin Hood and helped people.

Charles, then, 
informs that he had heard Orlando was planning to fight him in a disguised  form. He
requests Oliver to  dissuade Orlando from fighting as he was fighting for his reputation
and will not leave anyone unharmed. It was for the sake of Oliver that he had come,but
if the young man did not comply, it would not be Charles'
fault.

Oliver senses a great opportunity to eliminate
Orlando. He instigates Charles by telling him that Orlando was the stubbornest fellow in
France and was always jealous of other people. He also tells Charles that Orlando will
employ every means to harm him and so he must not think of breaking his fingers but
could break his neck as well.

We finally come to hear the
soliloquy of Oliver giving reasons for his extreme hatred of his brother and how he
plans to instigate his brother to this fight.

Thus the
 first scene acts as  a curtain raiser to the play.

In one sentence tell what you think is the theme of Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery." Use quotations from the story to illustrate the theme.

In one of the Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson's
essays, Education, he wrote of his philosophy of life, whose basis
was the inner resources of the self and revelation from the divine presence of the
soul.  Among the factors that Emerson felt worked against these resources of the self
was what he termed "the opium of custom."  This phrase has a direct corollary to Shirley
Jackson's short story "The Lottery."  For, its theme can be stated using this very
phrase: Jackson's short story demonstrates the evil of "the opium of
custom."

Because the lottery is a custom of the village,
some people follow this custom unthinkingly, and they even go so far as to praise it. 
It is held because, as Mr. Warner says, doing away with it would only cause trouble.  He
snorts at any change,

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"It's not the way it used to be....people ain't
the way they used to be."

The
lottery is also held with Mr. Summers in charge because he "has the time and energy to
devote to civic activities."  And, there is a sense of the importance of continuing
these activities.  Mr. Summers, who "waits with an expression of polite interest" until
a villager finishes talking so he can say, "All right, folks,...Let's finish quickly." 
Mr. Summers simply wants to finish so he can return to his regular routine.  Clearly,
here, the citizens have become inured to the senseless and random cruelty of the
lottery.  Indeed, they are drugged by "the opium of custom."

What passages in A Tale of Two Cities, Book the Second: Chapters 15 and 16, show how Dickens uses Madame Defarge to represent Fate?

Madame Defarge represents fate because she
is knitting the names of future victims of the
guillotine.

Madame Defarge is described in
Book 2, Chapter 7 as a “woman who had stood conspicuous‚ knitting‚ still knitted on with
the steadfastness of Fate.”  Since Madame Defarge is heavily involved in the French
Revolution, she is recording names of individuals she feels deserve to die once the
revolution comes into being.

 In Book 2, chapter 15, Madame
Defarge’s knitting is described as disturbing.

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It was additionally disconcerting to have madame
knitting all the way there in a public
conveyance.

When she is asked
what she is doing, she replies that she is making shrouds.  In other words, there is a
connection between her knitting and death.  She intends to be the decider for these
individuals, and control their fate.

In Book 2, Chapter 16,
the revolution has not begun yet, but the Marquis has been murdered, and Madame Defarge
is “still knitting.”  She comments to her husband that she has waited a long time for
the revolution, so she can get her revenge on the nobles for what they did to her
sister.  Just killing the Marquis St. Evremone is not
enough.

“It
is a long time,” repeated his wife; “and when is it not a long time? Vengeance and
retribution require a long time; it is the rule.”

“It does
not take a long time to strike a man with Lightning,” said
Defarge.

“How long,” demanded madame, composedly, “does it
take to make and store the lightning? Tell me!” (Book 2, Chapter
16)

She continues knitting
well past these chapters.  For example, in Book 3, Chapter 3 she sets her sights on
Lucie’s daughter:

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“Is that his child?” said Madame Defarge,
stopping in her work for the first time, and pointing her knitting-needle at little
Lucie as if it were the finger of
Fate.

Revenge extends to the
children of the nobility.  Even they cannot escape fate.

What is inadvertently prevented from happening that night at the jail by Scout in Chapter 15 of To Kill a Mockingbird?

After a group of Atticus' friends had congregated on the
front lawn one Saturday just before the trial of Tom Robinson began, Jem and Scout began
to worry about the safety of their father. The next evening, when Atticus left the house
"carrying a long extension cord" with a light bulb attached, they wondered where he was
going. When he decided to drive the Chevrolet--Atticus always walked to his office--they
knew something was up. So, after pretending to go to bed, Jem and Scout rounded up Dill,
and they sneaked down to the town square. They eventually found Atticus sitting in front
of the jail, reading under the light of the extension cord he had taken with him. Before
they could reach him, a group of cars arrived, and the men inside confronted Atticus.
The children rushed to him, sensing something was not right. Scout had no idea what was
happening, but after kicking one man in the groin, she began making innocent
conversation with Walter Cunningham Jr.'s father. The men suddenly decided to leave, and
it was only the next day that the children realized that the men had come to the jail to
remove Tom Robinson--and lynch him.

why is Jane Eyre treated so unfairly?

Jane Eyre is treated poorly because of her position in the
family.  She is an unwelcome child that her aunt feels bound to care for.  Her aunt is
blind to the faults of her own children and often blames Jane for their misbehavior. 
When her aunt finally gives her over the care of the teachers at Lowood, she sends her
off with a final, spiteful act.  Jane's aunt tells the headmaster that Jane lies.  Of
course, this sets Jane up for a difficult transition into her new school.  Jane is
treated with indifference and cruelty by many people in her life because of her position
as a poor, orphaned girl.  She has no money and no one to look after her.  She is an
outcast and looked down on by many in society.  Eventually, Jane's aunt returns to the
plot with more cruel news.  She has kept the letter from Jane's relative a secret
because she did not wish to see Jane prosper while her own children were not.  Much of
Jane's unfair treatment stems from her position in society and her aunt's
spite.

How did the French alliance ensure the success of the American rebellion?have support details.

France had already been secretly funneling funds and
weapons to the American armies during the first two years of the American Revolution.
Following the Americans' victory at the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777, King Louis
XVIII entered into an alliance with the Americans. France's entry into the war also
brought the power of their allies, Spain and Holland, against the British. While French
troops and their navy added greatly to the cause in America, all three of America's new
allies brought new pressure to Great Britain from the European continent. England was
forced to deal with a more global war, since an invasion of the island from the
continent was now a real threat. King George suspected that France's alliance with the
Americans would cost England a large portion of the colonies, but he hoped to carry on
the fight in other theatres, such as Quebec and the West Indies. He hoped the 30,000
troops already in the colonies, along with Loyalist support, would prolong the war until
he could deal with the French/Spanish threat in
Europe.

French military might greatly aided the Americans.
At the Battle of Yorktown, for example, a French army of 8,000 under Comte de Rochambeau
joined 29 French warships in eventually forcing the British surrender. Perhaps the most
famous Frenchman to join the American cause was the Marquis de Lafayette, who became a
trusted advisor to General George Washington.

How are stereotypical roles upheld and challenged?The advertisement is in this link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=IcfViklWRsU

We see gender stereotypes all around us. We also may see
sexism. There are ways to challenge these stereotypes to help everyone, no matter their
gender or gender identity, feel equal.

• Point it
  out — From magazines and television to film and the Internet, the media is filled with
  negative gender stereotypes. Sometimes these stereotypes are hard to see. Talk with
  friends and family members about the stereotypes you see and help others recognize how
  sexism and gender stereotypes can hurt all of us.


• Walk
  the talk — Be a role model for your friends and family. Respect people regardless of
  their gender.


• Speak up — If someone is making sexist
  jokes, challenge them.


• Give it a try — If you want to do
  something that is not normally associated with your gender, think about whether you’ll
  be safe doing it. If you think you will, give it a try. People will learn from your
  example.

If you have been struggling with
gender or gender identity, you’re not alone. It may help you to talk to a trusted
parent, friend, family member, teacher, or professional
counselor.

What are the pros and cons of Antibiotics?This is for school essay

The main advantage of antibiotics is that they improve and
save lives. Antibiotics work to slow or stop the growth of bacteria, so they can cure or
shorten a variety of bacterial diseases, including syphilis, gonorrhea, strep throat,
diphtheria, scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, and Lyme disease, to name just a few. They
can also stop or prevent infections caused by wounds, surgery, or poor dental
care.

Antibiotics added to feed have been proven to cause
baby chicks and turkeys to grow and gain weight faster. This practice is somewhat
controversial because of the likelihood that it can lead to the evolution of antibiotic
resistant strains of bacteria, which can be very
dangerous.

One con is related to public perception. People
often do not understand that antibiotics only treat bacterial infection and have no
effect on viruses, so sometimes they will try to treat a viral disease like a cold with
an antibiotic, and this not only won't help the cold, it can contribute to the problem
of the development of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

Other
cons are that using antibiotics can wipe out the friendly bacteria that we all have in
and on our bodies, which are important to our overall health, and the fact that some
people develop violent allergies to certain antibiotics.

What would be a good research question about historical travel?

It sounds like you're looking for a thesis statement or a
topic to discuss in a paper. When discussing history, remember that there is still a lot
of debate about timelines and order of events.

Travel is an
interesting topic to write about. Over time, man has graduated from walking to riding
animals to automobiles, airplanes, and ocean liners. There is a ton of information to
draw from, so you might start with a quick overview of travel methods and then move to
your historical topic.

For example, if you were writing
about the methods armies have used to travel over the years, you would research infantry
history, animal-drawn carts and carriages, and animals used as weapons, like elephants,
which could also carry equipment. You would then move on to boats, which have been
around for a long, long time, and move up from Viking Longboats to the ocean-sailing
vessels used by England and Spain, and then to the first Ironclad ships in the 19th
century, and then logically to modern diesel and nuclear-powered vessels. Finally, air
travel would begin with balloons and airships, move through the Wright Brothers and the
air battles of the First World War, and then to the role of air support in the Second
World War and so forth.

Really, there is a lot of
information to draw on. The most important thing to remember is to pick a topic you can
write about clearly and logically, and support your arguments with facts. The standard
essay form will serve you well here, introducing your topic and then the "research
question" will be your Thesis statement. After that, lay out your points and facts in
the Body, finish with a Conclusion that covers all your points simply, and Cite all your
sources.

Good luck!

How crucial is the setting of war and battlefield for the concerns raised in the play "Picnic in the Battlefield"?I would like to get a detailed...

The setting of Picnic in the
Battlefield is very crucial to develop the themes that are treated in the
play.

First, the danger surrounding the family and the two
rivaling soldiers, Zepo and Zapo, makes their oblivious nature even more evident.  When
Zapo's parents show up in the middle of the battlefield to celebrate a picnic with their
son, they completely ignore the horror surrounding them. This is congruent with the
theme of living in oblivion and careless of what is both obvious and dangerous. Zapo's
parents are proud of having their son fighting in the war but completely set aside the
dangers of war, their son's lack of skills, and his immature connection to
them

In the play, the battlefield is quite active: The
characters could hear bombs and shots everywhere. In fact, these noises are specifically
accentuated during the picnic scene, in order to show the magnitude of the danger that
they have just gotten into. Interestingly, Zapo's parents continue their picnic, ignore
the bombs (even when Zepo and Zapo themselves hear and try to escape from them), and
continue their nonsense conversation. This is indicative of our silliness as individuals
of giving importance to trivial things, and moving our attention from what is really
important.

Finally, the two red cross soldiers coming in
and out of the scene are morbidly seeking dead bodies to take back to their camp.
Disgusted by not seeing any the men are clearly upset. Ironically, Zapo's mom continues
with her nice and proper manners and apologizes for not being dead and sort of wishes
them luck so that they can find some corpses. These same two red cross soldiers re-enter
the scene to recover the bodies of Zepo, Zapo, and Zapo's parents. This is a clear
message showing the horror of war and, once again, emphasizes the lack of common sense
in the characters.

Therefore, the scenario of war presents
a highly contradictory and contrasting setting: Politeness and family unity persisting
absurdly under chaos.

In "Barbie Doll," what does it mean by "she cut off her nose and her legs"? Is it plastic surgery, and is that the cause of her death? If not, then...

The poem "Barbie Doll" by Marge Piercy is less about
physical death and more about the death of what the real ideal of women should
be.

The girlchild represents you and I: Typical, ordinary,
and everyday women who have great qualities and normal weaknesses. The girlchild is born
with qualities that are ordinarily considered good. However, in the type of setting
where this poem develops, it is understood that women are not meant to be strong,
skilled, nor intelligent: They are supposed to look good, act cute, and be seen but not
heard.

The girlchild in this poem does not understand why
she has to give up what she considers to be the qualities that make her unique in favor
of changing them for a plastic and superficial society. She cannot fathom what could be
wrong with her, but she is consistently told that everything is
wrong.

Hence, the moment when she "gives up her nose and
her legs", does not refer to an actual and literal cut of her body parts. It is symbolic
of how she had to relinquish the pride she felt for her uniqueness, and how she allowed
herself to believe that her big nose and her thick legs were not good enough. It means
that she now believes that there is something wrong with her. Or, perhaps, that she
changed her nose and her looks in order to be considered "OK" by everyone
else.

Her funeral is symbolic of the death of her real
self. The real woman is gone and, in her place, society has given her what it feels she
lacks. Now she is exactly as they expect but, in her own flesh, she is
dead.

The natives are described as "sneering" and "wretched" in Shooting an Elephant. Analyze this diction.

Well spotted. It is a curious fact that Orwell's feelings
towards the natives in Burma where he works seem to be ambivalent at best. He professes
sympathy for them and overtly opposes colonialism, but then goes on to talk about the
Burmese natives in rather derogatory ways, deriding them and belittling them. Note the
following example that comes from the opening paragraph of this fascinating
essay:

In the
end the sneering yellow faces of young men that met me everywhere, the insults hooted
after me when I was at a safe distance, got badly on my
nerves.

This is an
ambivalence that becomes more defined when Orwell says the following, in which Orwell
identifies the rather curious position he finds himself
in:

All I knew
was that I was stuck between my hatred of the empire I served and my rage against the
evil-spirited little beasts who tried to make my job
impossible.

There is immense
irony in this statement, as although Orwell hates the notion of empire and the way that
it classifies some humans as being "better" and "more powerful" than others, at the same
time, he expresses the same kind of condescending and resentful attitude that
characterises empire and colonialism. Thus we can see how the diction in this essay
points towards a curioius ambivalence in Orwell himself and his thoughts and attitudes
towards colonialism and the people he has ostensibly gone to Burma to
rule.

What is the climax of Night?

It's difficult to find a traditional notion of "climax" in
Wiesel's work.  It makes sense to a great extent because so much of what Wiesel has
presented is so beyond traditional configurations.  I would say that a particular apex
of action is reached when Eliezer's father dies.  There is so much in this moment that
is haunting and reflective of Eliezer's own sense of change and development that the
father dying is one of the last connections to his own past.  The father begging his son
for water, asking why his son is being ignored, and Eliezer simply ignoring such cries
only to wake the next morning to the bed of his father being empty is a climactic moment
because it represents how different Eliezer's experience had made him.  From the boy who
listened to Moshe's experience about wishing to ask God "the right questions" to a being
where survival is all that matters and to one where the traditionalist notions of right/
wrong have been inverted to a level where all reality had lost the moral compass of
ethical direction, the death of Eliezer's father is one of those moments where so much
had transpired.  It also helps to bring out the full meaning of the ending whereby
Eliezer does not fully understand the reflection that stares back at
him.

What impressions does the reader have of Macbeth, up to Act 1 Scene 4?

The reader or viewer (this is a play after all) has a
positive impression of Macbeth at first.  In the opening scenes of the play he has been
a loyal soldier on the battlefield for Scotland.  The bloody soldier reports to the king
that Macbeth has fought bravely and successfully.

Even when
he hears the news for the "weird sisters" that he will be Thane of Cawdor, Thane of
Glamis, and King of Scotland, we don't yet suspect the lengths Macbeth will go to to
ensure his fate.  The witches' pronouncement awakens Macbeth's ambition, but when an
evil thought crosses his mind (presumably a desire to kill Duncan), he dismisses
it.

The only negative we see in the opening scenes is
Macbeth's weakness in the face of his wife's violent ambition.  Although not a very
attractive quality, we don't yet have a hint of the great horrors Macbeth is capable of,
so the reader's opinion of Macbeth would be relatively positive in the beginning of Act
I.

What is the secret that Darnay wants to tell Dr. Manette?I want to know the secret that Darnay tells Dr. Manette in A Tale of Two Cities

In Chapter X of Book the Second of A Tale of Two
Cities, Dr. Manette has an inkling of something that Charles Darnay may
divulge, but begs Charles not to say more at the time that Darnay asks for Lucie's hand
in marriage:

readability="9">

So strange was the way in which he faded into
silence, and so strange his fixed look when he had ceased to speak, that Darnay felt his
own hand turn cold in the hand that slowly released and dropped
it.

Then, interestingly, the
reader learns who Charles Darnay really is through the conversation of Madame Defarge in
Chapter XVI of Book the Second. Madame Defarge speaks with her
husband,

Yes,
Miss Manette is going to be married. But not to an Englishman; to one who, like herself,
is French by birth. And speaking of Gaspard (ah, poor Gaspard! It was cruel, cruel!), it
is a curious thing that she is going to marry the nephew of Monsieur the Marquis, for
whom Gaspard was exalted to that height of so many feet; in other words, the present
Marquis. But he lives unknown in England, he is no marquis there; he is Mr. Charles
Darnay. D’Aulnais is the name of his mother’s
family.”

Charles Darnay is
Charles d'Evremonde, son of the twin who so brutally caused the deaths of the brother
and sister of Madame de Farge.

In Chapter XVIII of Book the
Second, on the marriage day of Lucie and Charles, as Mr. Lorry attends the ceremony, Dr.
Manette's room opens and he emerges with Charles Darnay.  Mr. Lorry notices that Manette
is deathly pale--unlike his appearance when he went in with Charles.  Although he is
composed, Mr. Lorry detects "the old air of avoidance and dread" has passed over him,
"like a cold wind."  So, it is obvious that Charles has revealed what Madame Defarge has
already told her husband in Chapter XVI.

How does Atwood use imagery to convey her thoughts in "Death by Landscape"?

In a story that is so much about landscape paintings and
the images of nature that they contain, you might like to examine the way such paintings
are described. Consider this description, that comes at the end of this excellent story.
The paintings that the narrator looks at are not traditional landscape paintings "in the
old, tidy European sense." By contrast, they are characterised
by:

...a
tangle, a receding maze, in which you can become lost almost as soon as you step off the
path. There are no bckgrounds in any of these paintings, no vistas; only a great deal of
foreground that goes back and back, endlessly, involving you in its twists and turns of
trees and branch and rock. No matter how far back in you go, there will be
more.

The description of
these paintings focuses on the messy, labyrinthine paths of the wildnerness in which it
is easy to lose yourself and which threaten to overwhelm you. It is this aspect of the
wilderness that, in the final lines of the story, Lois is forced to admit is a part of
her, as she realises that she has been living two lives after the death of her friend.
The description thus helps to describe the kind of threatening and confusing life that
Lois has been living and how she has internalised the danger of the wilderness into her
own life.

a chart for acidic and basic radicals valancesweb links if possible

I'm a little unclear on what you are looking for, but I'm
going to take a guess that it might be whats at href="http://depts.washington.edu/eooptic/links/acidstrength.html">this
link. When they are undissolved, most acids and bases form electrically
balanced (neutral) compounds. But when they are mixed with water, acids and bases
dissociate. Acids release H+ (hydronium) ions, and bases release OH- (hydroxide)
ions.

Two things dictate how strong an acid or base is. One
is the dissocation constant (Ka), which tells how completely the acid or base will
dissolve in water - the more it dissolves, the stronger it will be. The second factor
depends on the molecular formula and how many H+ or OH_ ions it can release per molecule
dissolved. For example, an acid with 2 hydrogens per molecule like H2SO4 can release
twice as many H+ ions as one like HCl, which has only one hydrogen per
molecule.

In what ways does the book reflect enlightenment values and ideas? quotes would be great!

Voltaire's Candide is a satiric work that promulgates the
philosophy of the Enlightenment by satirizing its opponents. It can be read as a defense
of Epicureanism (a classical philosophical system revived by Enlightenment scholars in
Britain) against competing philosophical systems of Leibniz, Christianity, Plato, and
other organized religions, with the concluding notion of cultivating one's garden
referring to the Garden of Epicurus. Voltaire's attacks on Christianity focus on the
senseless cruelty of the Inquisition, the dogmatism of other parts of the Roman Catholic
Church, and the naive sentimentality of pietism. He also argues against the notion of
divine providence giving meaning to good and evil events, but instead by showing how
disasters affect good and evil humans alike, argues the Enlightenment position of purely
material scientific theories of causation.

Explain strong acid and weak acid and also illustrate with examples.

Acids (and bases) are classified into strong or weak ones
depending upon their degree of dissociation (ionization) in solution. Those having
strong tendency to ionize are called strong acids and those having lesser tendency to
ionize are weak acids. Infact strong acids remain completely ionized in solution (degree
of ionization = 100%). HCl, H2SO4, HNO3 and HClO4 – these four acids are strong. Organic
carboxylic acids, e.g. aetic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid or salicylic acid, on the
other hand, ionize partially in solution, hence they are called weak acids. Their
relative strength (or weakness) can be expressed in terms of the acid dissociation
constant Ka which is the equilibrium constant for the ionization
reaction

CH3COOH = CH3COO- +
 H+

Thus oxalic acid with Ka(1) = 5.8×10˄-2 is a relatively
stronger acid than acetic acid (Ka = 1.8×10˄-5).

State how the control will be treated differently from the experimental group. What 2 factors might be studied in both group?The drug usually used...

In a well designed experiment it is important that the
experimental group be controlled in such a way as to insure that a single variable be
modified and that the resulting changes due to those modifications can be observed
accurately.  The variable which the researcher wishes to alter is the "independent
variable" and the one which is changed do to those modifications is the "dependent
variable."

To make sure that the only thing which is
causing changes in the dependent variable is changes in the independent variable, it is
important to have a control group.  The control group is identical to the experimental
group in every way with the exception that the independent variable will not be
modified.  This allows the researcher to compare any changes in the experimental group
to the control group to verify that the changes were caused by the experiment and not by
other factors.

In the sited experiment it is apparent that
the researcher is studying the effects of the drug on lung function by monitoring
reductions in stress from walking.  The control group should be as close to the
experimental group as possible in every way including health conditions and distance
walked with the exception of using the drug.  The experimental group would be given a
regular repeated dosage and the control would not be given the
drug.

One of the two factors which could be studied in both
groups would be the patient's blood pressure as it could be reduced by either the drug,
the walking, or a combination of both.  The second factor would be the ease of walking
as walking could get easier due to increased fitness because of walking every day, the
drug, or a combination of the both.

In The Things They Carried, what are the parallels between the narrator in "On the Rainy River" and the boy he shoots in "The Man I Killed"?

I would want to argue that the main parallel between these
two characters is the way that they present soldiers as fully developed, sensitive human
individuals who share a similar distaste to the moral quagmire in which they find
themselves in and are just innocent youngsters, with their own lives, interests and
loves.

In "On the Rainy River," for example, the narrator
presents himself as a very tender young man in all of his emotional complexity. His
attempt to escape to Canada, and therefore avoid the draft, is explored in its fullness,
especially in the reasons we are given for him deciding in the end to stay and not cross
the border. Note how he explains his decision to
stay:

All
those eys on me--the town, the whole universe--and I couldn't risk the embarrassmet. It
was as if there were an audience to my life, that swirl of faces along the river, and in
my head I could hear people screaming at me. Traitor! they yelled. Turncoat! Pussy! I
felt myself blush. I couldn't tolerate it. I couldn't endure the mockery, or the
disgrace, or the patriotic ridicule. Even in my imagination, the shore just twenty yards
away, I couldn't make myself be brave. It had nothing to do with morality.
Embarrassment, that's all it
was.

Such descriptions
present us with the full emotional complexity of the narrator, and indicate how he is a
sensitive young man caught up in forces beyond his control that he feels he must comply
with.

In the same way, in "The Man I Killed," the narrator
creates a background for the life of the Vietnamese soldier that he kills, painting him
as another sensitive young man. Note the doubt that the narrator gives this soldier as
he grows up and how he finds himself unable to fight those who bully
him:

He could
not make himself fight them. He often wanted to, but he was afraid, and this increased
his shame. If he could not fight little boys, he thought, how could he ever become a
soldier and fight the Americans with their airplanes and helicopets and bombs? It did
not seems possible. In the presence of his father and uncles, he pretended to look
forward to doing his patriotic duty, which was also a privilege, but at night he prayed
with his mother that hte war might end soon. Beyond anything else, he was afraid of
disgracing himself and hterefore his family and
village.

Note the
similarities between these two characters. O'Brien seems to create a kind of double in
the life and background that he gives his victim. Above all, what motivates both of them
to be involved in the war is the fear of shame and embarrassment. Both are painted as
complex, sensitive characters that find themselves in a war that they are unsure about
but nevertheless feel obliged to participate in.

What is the rule of law?

The term "rule of law" generally refers to the idea that
no person is above the law.  The idea extends to hold that even the government is not
above the law.

In systems that do not have the rule of law,
there are people and entities that can act in whatever way they want.  A government
official could, for example, simply declare that you had to do something (or not do
something) even if there was no law that said that.  A person who had enough power could
break the law and get away with it because the law would not be enforced equally in all
cases.

This is the opposite of what is expected in systems
like those of the US, Canada, and other democratic countries.  There, governments are
only allowed to act in ways that are allowed by the law.  The law applies to all
people.  We are ruled by the law and not by the whims of the people in the
government.

What is the lesson Ms. Moore tries to teach Sylvia and is it successful? What is the conflict and is there more than one?

Ms. Moore is trying to show the children from the poor
neighborhood that a better life is within their grasp, literally.  At first it seems
that the lesson is about the cruel reality of the injustice involved with the
distribution of wealth.  The children cannot fathom the amount of money spent on some of
the toys at FAO Schwartz.

However, Sylvia, a ery bright
child, understands that Ms. Moore is showing them what could be theirs.  She doesn't
want to admit that the lesson is valuable because she has her tough girl demeanor to
keep up, but she does begin thinking about it. The end of the story leaves the reader
with hope that Sylvia may rise above her current situation.

Using a quote explain the literal meaning and the deeper metaphorical meaning behind it in "The Road Not Taken."

This is a great question to think about. Remember, there
are many quotes that you could use to answer it, but if I were you, I would turn to the
final stanza, and use that to point out the symbolic meaning of this poem and how it
operates on both a literal and a more metaphorical
level:

I
shall be telling this with a sigh

Somwhere ages and ages
hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and
I--

I took the one less travelled
by,

And that has made all the
difference.

Clearly we can
see how this poem works on a literal level. A man is walking through the woods and comes
to a fork and needs to pick one. Both appear to be similar and so he has to make a
random choice. However, this choice becomes symbolically important for him. The final
line of the poem, "And that has made all the difference," suggests that there is
something much deeper going on than having to choose between two identical paths, and
points towards the way that in our lives we have to make big decisions without knowing
what the outcomes of those decisions are, and are often left haunted by the outcomes of
those decisions. The way that the speaker remembers this "ages and ages hence" indicates
just how important this life decision was, and the "sigh" with which he tells his tale
shows how he is still preoccupied with his decision and how he imagines what his life
would have been like if he had taken the other path.

What did Alexander Hamilton fear would happen if the proposed Constitution was not adopted?

Basically, Hamilton feared that the country would be
broken up into a lot of semi-independent states that would be run in such a way that the
country's economy would suffer badly.

Hamilton wanted a big
country with states that were not very independent.  He wanted trade to flow freely
between the states.  He wanted it to be hard for the common people to take control of
the government, preferring that elites have more
control.

Hamilton feared that without the Constitution all
the states would be practically independent and would not trade with one another
easily.  He also worried that the common people would take over the state governments
and enact bad (in him mind) laws like the ones being demanded by the rebels in Shays's
Rebellion.  Between these two factors, the economy of the country would be ruined.  The
US would have ended up as a loose confederation in which both the states and the country
as a whole had very weak economies.

In The Kite Runner, when did the bombing/fighting begin in Afghanistan, according to Amir?

The first event to signal the eventual overthrow of the
Afghan government came on the night of July 17, 1973.

readability="6">

Something roared like thunder. The earth shook a
little and we heard the rat-a-tat-tat of gunfire... A siren went
off in the distance. Somewhere glass shattered and someone
shouted.

It was the first
night of the "bloodless coup" by Prince Mohammed Daoud Khan, who had overthrown the
government of his cousin, King Zahir Shah, who was away in Italy. Rather than name
himself Shah, Daoud instead made himself President of Afghanistan, and he declared
the nation a democracy. Daoud allied himself with the Russians, who supplied Afghanistan
with advanced weapons for years. In 1977, Daoud attempted to disassociate his nation
with the USSR, angering Soviet officials. Daoud was assassinated on April 28, 1978, the
day after a coup d'tat by Russian-backed Afghan rebels. The new rebel government
announced that Daoud had resigned, but his body was eventually found in a mass grave
near Kabul in June 2008.

How did Masaccio's artwork reflect Renaissance ideals at that time?

The first great painter of the Quattrocento (15th century)
period of the Italian Renaissance, Tommaso di
Ser Giovanni di Simone aka Masaccio
(1401-1428) left behind a number of important works before his untimely death at the age
of just 26. (It is believed he was poisoned by a rival painter.) He was perhaps the
first painter to make use of a vanishing point in his work, and he was an innovator in
linear perspective. Combined with his skillful use of lifelike recreations, these
elements gave his work an unparalleled sense of three-dimensionality. Disdaining the
Gothic style of ornamentation of the Middle Ages, Masaccio's use of perspective and
chiaroscuro produced a more naturalistic look that gave his work a highly realistic
result. Much of Masaccio's work contained Roman and Greek influences, as well as that of
Giotto. His frescoes were revered by later painters and were required study for future
Florentine artists.

i have a general Q !! does internal rhyme affect the rhyme scheme? the answer is very important 4 me! thanks

No, the internal rhyme of a line is very important, but it
does not affect the rhyme scheme.  Rhyme scheme is just a way of representing the
pattern of end rhyme in a poem through the use of letters.  For
example:

Mary had a little lamb
(A)

Whose fleece was white as snow
(B)

Everywhere that Mary went
(C)

The lamb was sure to go
(B)

Because "snow" and "go" rhyme, they are assigned the
same letter.  If a poem like this had some internal rhyme (rhyme within the line), then
it would change the sound play of the poem, but the end rhyme would remain the
same.

What events in Virginia in 1619 helped shape the American history?

In 1619, Virginia was reeling from severe tragedies. The
former Governor, Samuel Argall, had ruled with dishonesty, and the recent death of the
Indian Chief Powhatan had thrown diplomatic relations into uncertainty. The lack of
gold, one of the biggest reasons for the Virginia Company's (formerly the London
Company) interest, made the welfare of the fledgling colony of lesser importance, and so
there were fewer supply ships and contact with
England.

However, Virginia Company head Sir Edwin Sandys
had better plans, and sent replacement Governor Sir George Yeardley, who created the
House of Burgesses; modeled after the British Parliament, it included twenty-two
delegates, who met in July and offered new settlers laws officiated not by kings but by
popular opinion and honest vote. This was the first governing body of its sort in the
Americas, and set down guidelines for all similar systems that followed, including rules
about eligibility (men over 17 who owned land). The concept of government by the people
became a rallying point for settlers who wanted to escape the monarchies of Europe and
England.

The second major event in Virginia in 1619 was the
formal institution of slavery. The first African slaves to land on American shores were
put to work in a capacity similar to indentured servitude, although this attitude did
not last long. Some were able to buy or win freedom through conversion to Christianity,
and some were even able to purchase slaves for themselves. Public attitudes toward
slavery remained in this mode for several years before becoming a deliberate, race-based
system. Slavery as a means of wealth and survival (expendable workers) continued to be
the norm well into the 19th century.

In "A Jury of Her Peers," what is symbolic about no communication with the outside world and the impact this has on a marriage?

I am not too sure I entirely know what you are asking.
Your question obviously refers to the way in which Minnie Wright was left largely by
herself in her rather bleak marriage to John Wright for so many years. This terrible
sense of isolation is something that both Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale mention, in
particular given the way that Minnie and John Wright had no children. Note what Mrs.
Hale says about it:

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I might 'a' known she
needed help! I tell you, it's queer, Mrs. Peters. We live close
together, and we live far apart. We all go through the same things--it's all just a
different kind of the same thing! If it weren't--why do you and
I understand? Why do we know--what we know
this minute?

Clearly Minnie
Wright's lack of contact with the outside world helped drive her to the point of
desperation. John Wright's killing of her canary and the only sound and symbol of
brightness that there would have been in their household would have been enough to push
her over the edge and to make her kill him. Clearly, it is not healthy for a marriage to
exist without much contact with other people, for both the man and the
woman.

i came up with a few but what are some similarties between winston and parson in the book 1984

Tom Parsons is Winston's neighber in
1984.  He lives with his wife and children, whom Winston is
familiar with when he visits their home to hlep with common tasks.   Like Winston,
Parsons is a member of the Outer Party and works near Winston in the Ministry of
Truth.

Both men, as most citizens, live in fear of Big
Brother and vaporization.  Similarly, both men work in sensitive areas:  Winston works
in erasing all history of vaporized individuals while Parsons is working to create a new
version of the dictionary which pares down the human language, and ultimately thought. 
Therefore, both are privvy to information that could expose Big Brother as a
fraud.

Ultimately, both men are caught for their crimes. 
Winston is confined and rehabilitated while Parsons is
vaporized.

How does Hawthorne consider the story a criticism of the village's hypocrisy?Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Young Goodman Brown"

A critic of Puritanism, especially that aspect of its
creed that retains remnants of Calvinism, Nathaniel Hawthorne's "Young Goodman Brown" is
a tale of the woe of the Puritan who believes that his faith will take him to heaven. 
For in this belief, Brown is greatly disillusioned.

Brown's
disillusion with his Puritanic-Calvinistic beliefs begins when the devil, his fellow
traveller claims to be very familiar with Goodman Brown's
ancestors,

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...I have been as well acquainted with your
family as with ever a one among the Puritans; and that's not trifle to say I helped your
grandfather, the constable, when he lashed the Quaker woman so smartl through the
streets of Salem; and it was I that brought your a father pitch-pine knot, kindled at my
own hearth, to set fire to an Indian village, in King Philip's war.  They were my good
friends, both, and many a pleasant walk have we had along this
path....

That Hawthorne is
critical of Puritanism is apparent when Goodman Brown espies Goody Cloyse coming along
the path and hides so that she will not ask who is his companion.  Brown, of course, is
shocked that Goody is so familiar with the devil,  even taking his staff on which to
ride to the black mass, soon followed by Deacon Goodkin.  If Goody has taught Brown his
catechism, and the narrator has added, "there was a world of meaning in this simple
comment," then her teachings teach the way to the devil, not to
heaven.

With he learns that Deacon Gookin and the "good old
minister" are also in league with the devil, Brown doubts his original conception of his
faith.  Surely it must be diabolic, rather than divine.  During his gloom of doubt,
Goodman Brown's wife appears.  When Faith's ribbons fall from the clouds above,  Brown
cries, "My Faith is gone!"  But, he makes another grand effort  'Faith! Faith!...look up
to heaven, and resist the wicked one." But, when Faith comes to him, Brown looks away
from her sternly without speaking.  For, he realizes that his Faith will not lead him to
heaven.It is this epiphany which causes Brown to look upon the stay at
home,

In his essay entitled, "Hathorne's Young Goodman
Brown :  An Attack upon Puritanic Calvisism, Thomas E. Connolly
writes,

It is this awakening to the full meaning of his
faith which causes Young Goodman Brown to look upon his minister as a blasphemer when he
teaches "the sacred truths of our religion."  For, there is little else but
misery.

Why is tertiary sector activity the most profitable type?

If tertiary sector activities are the most profitable in a
given economy it is most likely because there is not enough supply relative to
demand.

Tertiary sector activities often involve creating
and selling services that can only be done by people with education or specialized
knowledge.  Examples of this would be the services sold by lawyers or business
consultants.  This sort of tertiary sector activity can only be done by a very limited
number of people.

When a product can only be produced by a
limited number of people, there will not be a great deal of competition among suppliers
of that product.  Therefore, prices will not be driven down as much as they would be if
there were more competition.

When tertiary sector
activities produce services that can only be done by a relatively few people, they are
likely to be quite profitable.

How is Mercutio's quote, "A plague o' both your houses," in Act 3, Scene 1 of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, important to the story?

Mercutio's repeated line, "A plague o' both your houses!,"
is important because it curses both the Capulet and Montague families but it also points
out just how cursed they already are (III.i.90, 99-101). The fact that the repeated line
is spoken by Mercutio is absolutely critical to the story as well in that Mercutio is
connected to both families either as a relation or a freind.  Hence, only Mercutio
serves as the social bridge between the two families and now both families have killed
that one social bridge.

The word "plague" can refer to any highly
infectious disease that causes many deaths through an epidemic. It can also refer to any
"evil" that one can use to hurt another person with, therefore, we can think of a plague
as a curse (Random House Dictionary). Hence, one thing that Mercutio means when he says,
"A plague o' both your houses," is that he is cursing their families. We see this curse
come true when both Romeo and Juliet later die in the story. As Prince Escalus later
points out, God has punished Lords Capulet and Montague for their hatred by taking away
what they both loved (V.iii.303-304).

Since a plague is an infectious
disease that causes many deaths, we can also say that through this line Mercutio is
pointing out what he already sees as true, that both houses are already cursed due to
their hatred and prolonged feud. He is pointing out that their hatred is an evil that
has already shed a great deal of blood and is likely to shed even more, which it does,
as we see.

Finally, this line is especially important because it is
spoken by Mercutio who serves as a social bridge between both Capulets and Montagues and
even other citizens of Verona. Mercutio is Romeo's best friend; however, we also learn
that he is either related to or a close friend of the Capulets because Lord Capulet has
invited him to his feast, as we see from the line in the invitation list Romeo reads
that is handed to him by Capulet's servant, "Mercutio and his brother Valentine"
(I.ii.70). Not only that, Mercutio is also a family member of Prince Escalus's as we see
Romeo proclaim when Mercutio is slain:

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This gentleman, the Prince's near
ally,
My very friend, hath got this mortal hurt
In my behalf.
(III.i.109-111)

In this
passage the term "ally" can be translated as a relation, especially through marriage
(Random House Dictionary). Hence we know that Mercutio is also a relation of Prince
Escalus's through marriage. Not only that, we also learn later that Mercutio is a family
member of County Paris's, which we learn after Romeo slays Paris at Juliet's tomb and
cries out, "Let me peruse this face. / Mercutio's kinsman, noble County Paris!"
(V.iii.74-75). Hence, we see that Shakespeare has very intentionally made Mercutio a
relation, either as a friend or a relative, of every major character in the play,
creating a social bridge between the characters, especially the Capulets and Montagues.
Mercutio's death and his pronouncement of the plague show us just how much death and
destruction the feud is causing.

In Tartuffe, what is Moliere saying about common sense and reason?

Some of the characters in this play provide a powerful
demonstration of the dangers of lacking common sense and reason! Moliere seems to be
arguing for the need to have moderation and common sense in all things. Consider how
Tartuffe and Orgon are both presented as men of excess and obsession. Tartuffe is of
course a glutton, and Orgon becomes obsessed with Tartuffe to such an extent that he
completely loses his sense of reason and nearly ruins his own family as a result. Even
when the truth emerges and Orgon finds out that Tartuffe is actually something of a
fake, Orgon reacts in a typically extreme way, saying that he will "never" trust another
man and will implacably oppose himself against those who say they are
virtuous.

In comparison to these two characters, that
provide ample learning opportunities concerning the need for moderation and common
sense, Cleante provides the voice of reason in the play, counseling Orgon about the need
for moderation and advising him to chagne his character. Note what he says to
Orgon:

You
never are content with moderation... you fly back and forth between
extremes.

It is Cleante that
tells Orgon what conclusions he should make about the world following his friendship
with Tartuffe. He must not oppose himself to all men who appear good, but adopt
moderation in his own character, especially in the areas of judgement and behaviour, so
that he can act less compulsively. Cleante is thus the vehicle used by Moliere to
announce one of the key messages of the play: moderation and common sense are much
better than obsession or the lack of reason.