Friday, March 4, 2016

What literary devices could I use to trace the theme of paralysis throughout "Eveline"?

Certainly, religious allusions play a large part in the
paralysis of Eveline, who is haunted by her promises to the Blessed Margaret Mary
Alacoque, a beatified nun who introduced devotion to the Sacret Heart of Jesus.  Her
strong Catholic faith, which Joyce himself felt stultified the individuality of the
Irish, also effects Eveline's paralysis as she stands praying to God "to direct her, and
to show her what was her duty" because nothing happens. The photograph of the priest,
symbolic of the strong role of religion as well as emigration as his name is unknown,
suggests that Eveline may lose spiritual identity by emigrating. Her name, too, is a
religious allusion. With her biblical name, little Eve, she must make a spiritual choice
between the "good" devotion of a daughter and the potential evil in running off
unmarried with a man.


Another symbol is Death, which is
prevalent throughout the narrative, in memories of the mother and Ernest. In one
instance, in which Eveline has the "pitiful vision" of her mother's life, the utterance
of the famous crux, "Derevaun Seraun!  Derevaun Seraun!"--is an aural symbol of death
that Eveline realizes at a subconscious level.  This phrase is generally assumed to be
corrupt Gaelic and may mean "the end of pleasure is pain" or "the end of song is raving
madness."


In addition to the religious allusions and
symbolism, the connotations of certain words help to bring about Eveline's paralysis. 
For instance, that she is going to marry a sailor suggests a certain instability to her
relationship with Frank, who may easily meet someone else in another port, not to
mention his being gone much of the time.  The connotations of the city of Buenos Ayres
are also negative as it is a foreign city that at the time of this story attracted many
adventurers.  The phrase "Going to Buenos Ayres" was also then slang for taking up a
life of prostitution.


The metaphoric phrases "A bell
clanged upon her heart" and "he would drown her" indicate that Eveline is suffering from
an inability to move forward mentally as she contemplates boarding the ship.  Feeling as
though there is danger in her leaving, Eveline grips the iron railing, a railing that is
symbolic of the strong, but corroded ties that she has to her dysfunctional family. For,
it is as though Eveline is figuratively in irons, handcuffed or chained; she is a
prisoner to her self-deception, religious servility, and dependency upon her
family.

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