Tuesday, August 5, 2014

How do Clostridium difficile bacteria reproduce and what toxins do they release?

Clostridium difficile, more commonly known as C. diff, is
a rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria. C. diff bacteria are anaerobic, meaning they live
without oxygen. C. diff. bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called binary
fission. Basically, binary fission is the division of one cell into two cells after the
cell has copied its DNA. As the C. diff bacteria multiply, two toxins are produced that
damage the intestinal wall of the individual. Toxin A which kills epithelial cells and
Toxin B which promotes ulceration. The rate at which the bacteria reproduce and release
toxins is dependent on many factors most importantly a person's medical condition. C.
diff infections are a primary  concern in hospitals because of their ability to spread
among immunocompromised people. Many healthy individuals carry C. diff in their
intestines but never become ill because their normal gut flora keeps troublesome
bacteria in check.

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