In her essay “I Know Why the Caged Bird Cannot Sing,”
Francine Prose adopts a number of distinct personae in order to make her argument as
effective as possible. These personae include the
following:
- the loving mother, concerned for the
welfare of her children. - the devoted reader with a
passion for good literature. - the devoted reader who loves
the classics and disdains popular TV shows. All three of these personae appear in the
very opening sentences of the essay:
Like most parents who have, against all odds,
preserved a lively and still evolving passion for good books, I find myself, each
September, increasingly appalled by the dismal lists of texts that my sons are doomed to
waste a school year reading. What I get as compensation is a measure of insight into why
our society has come to admire Montel Williams and Ricki Lake so much more than Dante
and Homer.
- the
experienced cultural observer who is concerned about the shoddy status of American
literary culture in general, not just in high
schools. - the sensitive close reader who knows how to
appreciate the skill with which great literature is
written. - the concerned college professor who worries that
high schools are not preparing their students to do the kind of intellectual work they
should be able to do in college. - the good American who is
concerned about the shabby cultural future toward which the U. S. is
headed. - the widely read critic who knows how to separate
literary wheat from sub-literary chaff. - the diligent
researcher who has done her homework and has sought hard evidence before settling on her
final views. - the thoughtful, perceptive close reader who
knows, in detail, what kind of writing is effective and what kind is
embarrassing. - the brave critic willing to speak honestly
about poorly written books that have somehow come to be widely admired and
praised.
Please note that the preceding list
applies only to the first half of the essay! There is much more to come but
insufficient space here to describe later personae.
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