Monday, January 12, 2015

What are some literary devices, besides tone and imagery, used in "Hanging Fire" by Audre Lorde?

The most prominent device used in this poem is
repetition.  Lorde repeats the lines, “momma’s in the bedroom with
the door closed,” at the end of each verse; this emphasizes the feelings of abandonment
and loneliness felt by our fourteen-year-old speaker.  She is wrought with the
insecurities of her teenage years, and the withdrawal of her mother into her bedroom
cuts off any access she has to a nurturing figure – she is alone in her wonderings, and
this isolation at home is the crux of her insecurity.  Lorde also uses the
form and structure of the poem to great
effect:  by eschewing punctuation and having each verse be a single sentence, we get an
approximation of a stream of consciousness, the young speaker’s troubles running one
into the next in his head, thoughts bleeding into each other.  We see here the seemingly
endless quality of the girl’s simple suffering, and the equal weight of each trial –
learning to dance, acne, death – in the mind of an adolescent.  Her internal struggles
are lent legitimacy by writing the poem from first person
perspective
; this also emphasizes a teenager’s typically egocentric view of
the world – “Nobody even stops to think/about my side of it,” she laments in the final
verse, and thinks, “why do I have to be/the one/wearing
braces.” 


Lorde underscores this point with the
juxtaposition of these small injustices with the heavy permanence
of death.  In each verse we have imagery of the girl’s fear of
death:  “what if I die/before morning,” “suppose I die before graduation,” will I live
long enough/to grow up.”  When coupled with troubles about boys and acne and having
nothing to wear the next day, we see how, at age fourteen, everything can feel like a
life-threatening crisis.  This also indicates that the girl is just becoming aware of
what it means to be an adult, what it means to be alive in the world – the threat of
death is constant; our lives are not guaranteed, our safety is not guaranteed, our
happiness is not guaranteed.  And this is a scary, depressing concept.  Yet still it
cannot erase the everyday woes of simply living.

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