Friday, January 17, 2014

Compare the linguistic differences of the narrator and Simon Wheeler in "The Celebrated Jumbing Frog of Calaveras County" by Mark Twain.

There is a sense in which this story is a lot about 19th
century America and the huge culture clash between the Eastern, settled part of America
and the Western part which was still being settled and explored. The East was supposedly
civilised, advanced and more cultured, whereas the West was theoretically more simple,
less-refined, and because of this, more easily duped. In addition, because of this, the
Easterners assumed that the Westerners could be tricked rather
easily.


If we think about these two depictions, we can see
that Twain is deliberately including these two extremes. Simon Wheeler comes across as
the perfect stereotype of an American from the deep West with his use of the vernacular
and his garrulous speech and the way that he speaks in a monotone, clearly identifying
him as somewhat unsophisticated and unrefined. Consider the way that Twain presents his
use of the vernacular:


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Why, it never made no difference to him--he
would be on anything--the dangdest feller. Parson Walker's wife laid very sick once, for
a good while, and it seeemed as if they warn't going to save
her...



The use of expressions
such as "the dangdest feller" and "laid very sick" and "warn't" clearly help reinforce
the image of Simon Wheeler as an uneducated Westerner. By contrast, the narrator, who is
supposedly Twain himself, deliberately uses a much higher and more sophisticated level
of English:



I
have a lurking suspicion that Leonidas W. Smiley is a myth; that my friend never knew
such a personage; and that he only conjectured that if I asked old Wheeler about him, it
would remind him of his infamous Jim
Smiley...



Note the use of
words such as "conjectured" that help to juxtapose the speech and dialect of the two
men. However, the joke is that in spite of Twain's supposed sophistication and the
naivety and lack of education of Simon Wheeler, it is Simon Wheeler who well and truly
dupes the Easterner, and, by extension, the reader, with his tall tale. Let us not be
too swift too judge by appearances!

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