The poetry of the Anglo-Saxon period was overwhelmingly
elegiac. What this means is that the poems told the story of a person's life by
revealing the personal thoughts and feelings of a single
speaker.
These poems were also considered lyrical in the
fact that they denoted the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker and spoke about the
events in the speaker's life.
Not only did the poems speak
to the events within one's life, the poems also had lyrical elements. What this refers
to is the fact that the poems of this period were typically sung. With no global, or
even local, language, the epics and poems of this period were
sung.
Therefore, all three poems, "The Wanderer," "The
Seafarer," and "The Wife's Lament" were elegiac and lyrical. The fact that each poem
revealed the thoughts and feelings of someone other than the storyteller, or scop (the
singer who told the stories) would easily be able to take the feelings spoken of in the
text and tell them filled with the same emotion.
Another
way to examine this would be the fact that it did not happen to the scop. It is much
easier to tell a story which is not yours. The emotions revealed in all three of the
poems is, at times, gut-wrenching. It would take some distance from the poem to be able
to tell it without breaking down.
At the same time, one
last idea to examine, the wanderer and the seafarer are no longer "here." They have
moved on. Both have found peace with where they are and in their faith. That being said,
a scop would have no choice but to tell another's
story.
Poetically, all three contain very distinct elements
typical of the period. All three contain kennings (metaphorical phrases used to heighten
the language--make it more beautiful), alliteration (the repetition of consonant sounds
within a line of poetry--adds to the lyrical "voice" of the poem, and assonance (the
repetition of a vowel sound within a line of poetry--offers same lyrical "voice" as
alliteration).
Direct examples of these, from the poems,
are:
"Paths of exile" (meaning the ocean) from "The
Wanderer"- kenning example.
"Bark's bows" from "The
Seafarer"- alliteration example (the repetition of "b" in both
words.
"I make this song of myself, deeply sorrowing" from
"The Wife's Lament"- assonance example (the "o" sound in "song" and
"sorrow").
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