Tuesday, July 29, 2014

On the basis of VSEPR theory explain why Berrylium chloride (BeCl2) molecule is linear whereas water (H2O) molecule is angular?

As per the VSEPR Theory, the shape of the molecule is
decided by the number of bonds and the number of lone pairs present in the central
atom.


The maximum repulsion is between lone pairs of
electrons, and the minimum repulsion is between the bond pair of
electrons.


The arrangement of bond pairs and lone pairs
around the central atom is such that there is minimum
repulsion.


Now, in BeCl2, Be is the central atom with 2
single bonds and zero lone pairs present on it. The maximum degrees at which the two Cl
atoms can be placed far from each other around the central metal Be is 180
degrees.


Thus, BeCl2 is
linear 


Cl------Be------Cl


Now,
in H2O, the central atom is O, which has 2 bond pairs and 2 lone
pairs.


Thus, now, to minimize repulsion, the two H atoms
cannot be placed 180 degrees apart from each other because there are 2 lone pairs of
electrons present which have more repulsion between them, and hence the shape of the H2O
molecule is bent or V-shaped.

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